The recipe
The whole beer, written in the order you brew it: the grist, the mash, the lauter, the boil, the whirlpool, the knockout and the fermentation. The numbers move while you write — ABV and apparent attenuation from your own gravity targets, predicted color and bitterness, and the liquor balance from strike through to what goes into the fermenter.
Style ranges from the BJCP and the Brewers Association sit beside your own. Write house styles with your own numbers when the guidelines aren't the point.
Send it to your head brewer. They approve it, or send it back with a note. An approved recipe is never changed in place — to change it you make version two, and last year's batches still say they were brewed to version one.
A brewer's note — watch the mash temperature — can still be added to an approved recipe without pushing the whole thing back through approval.
Later, that recipe shows you what its brews actually did — original and final gravity against target, attenuation, ABV, brewhouse yield and the days each beer spent in each stage, brew by brew, every version. Nothing extra to fill in. It's the brew-day log, read back.